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11. RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND PLANT CLOSING COSTS

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, accrued restructuring, impairment and plant closing costs by type of cost and initiative consisted of the following (dollars in millions):

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýDetails with respect to our reserves for restructuring, impairment and plant closing costs are provided below by segment and initiative (dollars in millions):

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýDetails with respect to cash and non-cash restructuring charges for the years ended DecemberÌý31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 by initiative are provided below (dollars in millions):

2011 RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2011, our Advanced Materials segment restructuring reserve consisted of $12Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions in connection with a reorganization of its global structure and relocation of its divisional headquarters from Basel, Switzerland to The Woodlands, Texas. During 2011, our Advanced Materials segment recorded net charges of $20Ìýmillion primarily related this activity. We expect to incur additional charges of $1Ìýmillion through DecemberÌý31, 2012 related to the relocation of our divisional headquarters from Basel, Switzerland to The Woodlands, Texas.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýOn SeptemberÌý27, 2011, we announced plans to implement a significant restructuring of our Textile Effects segment, including the closure of our production facilities and business support offices in Basel, Switzerland, as part of an ongoing strategic program aimed at improving the Textile Effects segment's long-term global competitiveness. In connection with this plan during 2011, we recorded a charge of $62Ìýmillion for workforce reduction, a pension curtailment gain of $38Ìýmillion and $53Ìýmillion for the impairment of long-lived assets at our Basel, Switzerland manufacturing facility. For purposes of calculating the impairment charge, the fair value of the Basel, Switzerland manufacturing facility was based on the discounted cash flows of that facility. We expect to incur additional restructuring and plant closing charges of approximately $25Ìýmillion through 2014. As of DecemberÌý31, 2011, our Textile Effects segment restructuring reserve consisted of $69Ìýmillion of which $2Ìýmillion related to opening balance sheet liabilities from the Textile Effects Acquisition, $2Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions at our production facility in Langweid, Germany, $2Ìýmillion related to the simplification of the commercial organization and optimization of our distribution network, $15Ìýmillion related to the consolidation of manufacturing activities and processes at our site in Basel, Switzerland, $47Ìýmillion related to the closure of our production facilities and business support offices in Basel, Switzerland and $1Ìýmillion related to the consolidation of our North Carolina sites.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýIn addition, during 2011, our Textile Effects segment recorded charges of $22Ìýmillion of which $5Ìýmillion related to simplification of the commercial organization and optimization of our distribution network, $12Ìýmillion related to non-workforce reductions incurred for the consolidation of our Switzerland manufacturing facilities, and $4Ìýmillion related to the consolidation of our North Carolina sites. We reversed charges of $4Ìýmillion which were no longer required for workforce reductions at our production facility in Langweid, Germany and the consolidation of manufacturing activities and processes at our site in Basel, Switzerland.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2011, our Pigments segment restructuring reserve consisted of $3Ìýmillion primarily related to workforce reductions at our Huelva, Spain and Scarlino, Italy plants. During 2011, our Pigments segment recorded charges of $10Ìýmillion of which $7Ìýmillion related to the closure of our Grimsby, U.K. plant and $3Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions at our Umbogintwini, South Africa plant. We expect to incur additional charges of $6Ìýmillion through DecemberÌý31, 2013, primarily related to the closure of our Grimsby, U.K. plant and workforce reductions at Scarlino, Italy.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýThe restructuring reserve related to discontinued operations as of DecemberÌý31, 2011 of $6Ìýmillion was associated with the closure of our Australian styrenics business. For more information, see "NoteÌý25. Discontinued Operations-Australian Styrenics Business Shutdown."

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2011, our Corporate and other segment restructuring reserve consisted of $1Ìýmillion primarily related to a reorganization and regional consolidation of our transactional accounting activities. During 2011, we recorded charges of $2Ìýmillion in Corporate and other primarily related to workforce reductions in connection with this project.

2010 RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2010, our Performance Products segment restructuring reserve consisted of $1Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions in connection with a new Performance Products organizational structure. During 2010, we recorded charges of $2Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions in connection with this project.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2010, our Advanced Materials segment restructuring reserve consisted of $2Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions in connection with a reorganization designed to implement a regional management structure. During 2010, we recorded net reversals of $2Ìýmillion primarily related to workforce reductions in connection to this project.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2010, our Textile Effects segment restructuring reserve consisted of $25Ìýmillion of which $2Ìýmillion related to opening balance sheet liabilities from the Textile Effects Acquisition, $1Ìýmillion related to the streamlining of the textile effects business into two global strategic business units as announced during the fourth quarter of 2008, $3Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions at our production facility in Langweid, Germany, and $19Ìýmillion related to the consolidation of manufacturing activities and processes at our site in Basel, Switzerland. During 2010, our Textile Effects segment recorded net charges of $15Ìýmillion primarily related to the consolidation of manufacturing activities and processes at our site in Basel, Switzerland.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2010, our Pigments segment restructuring reserve consisted of $8Ìýmillion primarily related to workforce reductions at our Huelva, Spain and Scarlino, Italy plants. During 2010, our Pigments segment recorded net charges of $7Ìýmillion primarily related to the closure of our Grimsby, U.K. plant. We expect to incur additional charges of $8Ìýmillion through DecemberÌý31, 2012, primarily related to the closure of our Grimsby, U.K. plant.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýThe restructuring reserve related to discontinued operations as of DecemberÌý31, 2010 of $8Ìýmillion was associated with the closure of our Australian styrenics business. For more information, see "NoteÌý25. Discontinued Operations-Australian Styrenics Business Shutdown."

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2010, our Corporate and other segment restructuring reserve consisted of $5Ìýmillion primarily related to a reorganization and regional consolidation of our transactional accounting and purchasing activities. During 2010, we recorded net charges of $5Ìýmillion in Corporate and other primarily related to workforce reductions in connection with these projects.

2009 RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2009, our Polyurethanes segment restructuring reserve consisted of $2Ìýmillion related to restructuring initiatives at our Rozenburg, The Netherlands site (as announced in 2003).

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2009, our Advanced Materials segment restructuring reserve consisted of $7Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions in connection with a reorganization designed to implement a regional management structure. During 2009, we recorded charges of $12Ìýmillion related to this reorganization project.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2009, our Textile Effects segment restructuring reserve consisted of $17Ìýmillion, of which $5Ìýmillion related to opening balance sheet liabilities from the Textile Effects Acquisition, $5Ìýmillion related to the streamlining of the textile effects business into two global strategic business units as announced during the fourth quarter of 2008, and $7Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions at our production facility in Langweid, Germany. During 2009, we recorded charges of $13Ìýmillion primarily related to workforce reductions at our Germany production facility. We also reversed accruals of $7Ìýmillion primarily related to the streamlining of the textile effects business and $5Ìýmillion related to certain employee termination costs recorded in connection with the Textile Effects Acquisition.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2009, our Pigments segment restructuring reserve consisted of $11Ìýmillion primarily related to workforce reductions at our Huelva, Spain plant. During 2009, we recorded charges of $47Ìýmillion, of which $29Ìýmillion primarily related to the closure of our Grimsby plant and $18Ìýmillion primarily related to workforce reductions at our Huelva, Spain plant. Of the $29Ìýmillion of charges at our Grimsby plant, $14Ìýmillion related to contract terminations, $7Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions and $8Ìýmillion related to decommissioning. We also recorded non-cash charges of $4Ìýmillion primarily related to a provision against engineering spare parts at our Grimsby plant.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2009, the restructuring reserve associated with discontinued operations of $34Ìýmillion related to the closure of our former styrenics business in West Footscray, Australia. During 2009, we recorded charges of $63Ìýmillion in discontinued operations related to the closure of this business, of which $25Ìýmillion related to workforce reductions, $30Ìýmillion related to estimated environmental remediation costs and $8Ìýmillion related to contract termination costs.

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýÌýAs of DecemberÌý31, 2009, our Corporate and other segment restructuring reserve consisted of $4Ìýmillion related to our 2009 fixed cost reduction project announced in the first quarter of 2009. During 2009, we recorded charges of $11Ìýmillion and non-cash charges of $3Ìýmillion in Corporate and other related to other aspects of our 2009 fixed cost reduction project.